Milestones for adult basic education include: -It was first federally funded in 1964. -The National Literacy Act passed in 1991. -The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 was enacted. The field then remained relatively static until 2014 when: -a new version of the GED' test was launched, -new content standards were developed, -new data on adult cognitive skills were released, and -the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA), with its laser focus on employment and training, was enacted. This volume reviews where the field is in relation to these turning points and discusses where it could go. Taking up critical discussions of the many recent and influential changes as well as topics of enduring interest, this volume will be valuable to practitioners, researchers, and policy makers. This is the 155th volume of the Jossey Bass series New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. Noted for its depth of coverage, it explores issues of common interest to instructors, administrators, counselors, and policymakers in a broad range of education settings, such as colleges and universities, extension programs, businesses, libraries, and museums.